CONSERVATION OF FORESTS

Presented by- Riya Aggarwal, Roshni Ranjan and Devanshi Jain

AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION

Presented by- Riya Aggarwal


WHAT ARE FORESTS AND HOW TO CONSERVE THEM ?

• · Forests are the 'lungs ' of the earth because they supply oxygen to the atmosphere.
• · They are rich in flora and fauna and form the home of rare species of plants and animals.
• · Trees and forests have always been a life support system, not only for humans, but also for wild and domesticated plants and animals.
• · Trees and forests protect the land from erosion.
• · They protect homes, farms, and coastlines from strong winds and waves.
• · They make soils fertile, keep air, streams and lagoons clean and clear, and provide habitats and food for animals.
• · Forests give us 5 ' f's , in the form of food, furniture, fiber, fertilizer, fuel and food--in the form of fruits, nuts, animals & also medicine.
• · Forests supply the raw materials for the lumber, plywood, paper, packaging and other wood-based materials that are staples of modern life
• · They are source of clothes, resins(rubber, gum )
• · The animals & plant wastes form natural fertilizers,
• · The trees help in absorbing CO2 and replenishing O2, thus purifying the atmosphere, and reducing pollution.
• · Conservation aims at preserving the Earth's biodiversity in order to protect species.
• 1. Forests should be conserved as they provide us with oxygen.
• 2. They prevent soil erosion
• 3. They have numerous medicinal herbs.
• 4. They are home to wild animals.
• 5. They cause rainfall.
WHAT IS AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION ?

AFFORESTATION:

• · It is the process of establishing a forest in an area that has been destroyed due to previous overuse of the land f or a long period of time.
• · Afforestation is mainly done for conservational and commercial purposes. It increases the soil quality and organic carbon levels into the soil, avoiding desertification.
• · Afforestation helps in environment conservation by maintaining a healthy ecosystem, reducing soil erosion, and providing food for livestock. It also helps in reducing air pollution as well as carbon dioxide emissions.


REFFORESTATION:

• · Reforestation is the process of planting trees in a forest where the number of trees has been decreasing. It can also be defined as the process of replanting trees in areas that have been affected by natural disturbances or human activities. These disturbances can include wildfires, drought, insect and disease infestations, logging, mining, agricultural clearing and development.
• · Occasionally forests have the capability to regenerate due to the trees in the surroundings or due to the dispersion of seeds. However, forest lands that are badly degraded cannot be regenerated unless plants have been planted by using native methods.
• · Reforestation is a very important procedure in order to save our planet. This is needed as huge forests are being destroyed or damaged due to various reasons on a daily basis. Removal of the green cover from the surface of the earth has become common due to various reasons such as forest fires, agricultural needs, human needs, logging and mining.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION

AFFORESTATION

• · Afforestation is the process of establishing forests in areas that have never been forested. If you plant trees in an area, like a dry land, which was never a forest, this process is afforestation.
• · It can help prevent desertification, which is when productive land becomes a desert due to drought or intense farming. It can also help prevent soil erosion, which can help maintain soil fertility and benefit the agricultural sector.
• · It can be used when an area has been deforested.

REFORESTATION

• · Reforestation is the restoration of forests in areas where forests were removed or destroyed. If you plant trees in an area, which was a forest but was destroyed by cutting off trees , the process is called reforestation.
• · Reforestation can help wildlife habitats and increase a forest's capacity to absorb carbon dioxide. It can also help mitigate climate change.
• · It can also be used when an area has been deforested.
WILDLIFE CONSERVATION EFFORTS AND SUSTAINABLE LOGGING PRACTICES

Presented by- Roshni Ranjan


PROJECT TIGER:

• · Project Tiger is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) of the Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change.
• · Project Tiger has put the endangered tiger on an assured path of recovery by saving it from extinction, as revealed by the recent findings of the All India tiger estimation using the refined methodology.
• · The Indira Gandhi government launched Project Tiger in 1973 from the Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand.
• · It was the first project of its kind in India to maintain the population of tigers and protect them from poaching and other threats.
• · It establishes a legal framework for the protection of tiger reserves and strengthens institutional safeguards for ecologically sensitive areas and endangered species.
• · Project Tiger was made a statutory authority (NTCA) by inserting enabling provisions into the Wild Life (Protection) Act of 1972 via an amendment, the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act of 2006.

PROJECT DOLPHIN:

Project Dolphin


• · Project Dolphin is a conservation effort for Ganges river dolphins and the riverine ecosystem.
• · The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change in India is funding this project.
• · It entails conducting systematic status assessments of target species and potential threats in order to develop and implement a conservation action plan.
• · It aims to address existing conservation concerns while also empowering stakeholders to participate in dolphin conservation.
• · Dolphins serve as an umbrella species, and their conservation will benefit associated habitat and biodiversity, including humans.
PROJECT INDIAN CROCODILES(GHARIAL):

• · Crocodiles are large semi aquatic reptiles found in the tropics of Africa, Asia, the Americas, and Australia.
• · According to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, there are 23 known crocodile species, with 7 listed as Critically Endangered, 4 as Vulnerable, and 12 as Least Risk.
• · The Indian Crocodile Conservation Project has brought once-threatened crocodilians back from the brink of extinction and put them on the road to recovery.
• · The Project has not only produced a large number of crocodiles, but it has also contributed to conservation in a variety of related fields.
• · This scheme focuses on the gharial, saltwater crocodile, and mugger.

PROJECT ' SECURE HIMALAYA ' :


• · The Indian government launched the SECURE Himalaya project on the inaugural day of the Global Wildlife Programme (GWP) conference.
• · This was launched to ensure the conservation of forest resources, land, and biodiversity with local and global significance.
• · It encompasses the high Himalayan Ecosystem, which stretches across Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Jammu and Kashmir, and Himachal Pradesh.
• · This project is a collaboration between the Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change (MoEFCC) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
• · The project was launched against the backdrop of increasing habitat degradation, area fragmentation as a result of local communities' reliance on natural resources, and unplanned infrastructure.
SUSTAINABLE LOGGING PRACTICES:

• · Sustainable logging offers additional environmental benefits. Harvested trees and areas are kept well away from waterways to minimize erosion and runoff . Sufficient space is left between harvested areas to provide an uninterrupted habitat for wildlife. Sustainable logging also provides a safer working environment.

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN FOREST MANAGEMENT AND GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND INITIATIVES.

Presented by- Devanshi Jain


WHAT IS COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT ?

• · Forest conservation, participation is often associated with community forestry, which refers to forest management or co-management by people living close to the forest
• · Legal, political and cultural settings for community forestry vary widely, and the term covers a wide range of experiences and practices .These communities prevent the disturbance caused by the tribal communities for deriving resources such as timber, animal hive and other resources.
• · These communities prevent the crimes like wildlife trafficking, hunting, poaching and other forests associated crimes .The objective of community-based conservation is to actively involve and give some control to members of local communities in conservation efforts which may affect them, and incorporate improvement to the lives of local people while conserving areas through the creation of national parks or wildlife refuges.
HOW IS THE COMMUNITY WORK DONE?

• · Community forestry is an evolving branch of forestry whereby the local community plays a significant role in forest management and land use decision making by themselves in the facilitating support of government as well as change agents.
• · The Bishnoi community worked well for the conservation of forests and wildlife.

GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE AND POSSIBILITIES

• · The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is implementing National River Conservation Programme, sub-schemes of Conservation of Natural Resources and Eco-Systems, National Afforestation Programme & Green India Mission, National Coastal Management Programme, National Mission on Himalayan Studies under Climate Change Program under the Central Sector & Centrally Sponsored Schemes of Government of India.
• · hey also do These initiatives, the Green Credit Program (GCP) and the Ecomark Scheme, seek to encourage environmentally friendly practices rooted in tradition and conservation; reflecting the ideas of LiFE concept.
GREEN INDIA MISSION

• · The National Mission for Green India (GIM) is one of the eight Missions outlined under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). It aims at protecting; restoring and enhancing India's diminishing forest cover and responding to climate change by a combination of adaptation and mitigation measures.

PERSONAL ACTION PLAN:

Common Suggestions given by group members :

• 1. The group members will recycle plastic and will tell their family and friends to do the same.
• 2. Members would follow all 7 ' R ' s which are -Rethink, Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Regift, Recycle. Roshni ' s suggestion:
• · I will reuse paper for art and crafts and rough work.
• · I will use food waste from the kitchen so we can use it in composting
• · I will not waste water. I will collect rainwater so we can put the water in our garden.
• · I will contribute to PETA which is People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals ..



Devanshi ' s suggestions :

• · I will be a part of the RWA community group and participate in planting trees around and in the colony.
• · My colony is Reduce Recycle Reuse (RRR center), all residents collect plastic waste and other products and they are segregated and then put to the right use. I currently contribute to this initiative and will continue to do so.
• · I shall encourage neighbours, friends, family members to plant more trees.
RIYA ' S SUGGESTION:

INITIATIVES TAKEN FOR FOREST CONSERVATION IN INDIA:

• · Through the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 Forests and Protection of Wild Animals and Birds were transferred from State to Concurrent List.
• · Indian Forest Policy, 1952 was a simple extension of colonial forest policy, which became conscious about the need to increase forest cover to on-third of total land area
• · Forest Conservation Act 1980:
• · Protect the forest along with its flora, fauna and other diverse ecological components while preserving the integrity and territory of the forests.

· Arrest the loss of forest biodiversity

• · Prevent forest lands being converted into agricultural, grazing or for any other commercial purposes and intentions. From 1951 to 1976, about 1.6 lakh hectares of forest area was being diverted every year . The figure came down to 32,000 hectares annually between 1980 and 2011 due to the implementation of the FCA which is Fellow Chartered Accountant.


My Initiatives to conserve forests are:

In 2019, my residential area which is Sarvodya Enclave was the first residential are to come up with a new title design called ' Conserve soil ' in which I also participated.

• · I would water my plants in the morning by using a light mulch . (Mulch basically reduces water loss from the soil, minimizes weeds, and improves soil structure).
• · I would prevent water from stagnating, whether on the soil or pots and trays.
• · And I would try to put vermicomposts in my garden to help improve my soil quality

THANK YOU !

PPT MADE BY- ROSHNI RANJAN AND RIYA AGGARWAL INFORMATION PRESENTED BY - ROSHNI RANJAN, RIYA AGGARWAL AND DEVANSHI JAIN